Dakhla Oase Die Oasen Ägypten

 

Die Oase Dakhla besteht aus 14 Ortschaften. Der nördliche Horizont der Oase ist von einer Wand aus rosenfarbigen Stein abgesteckt. Felder voll Reis und Erdnüssen, Gärten mit Obstbäumen trotzen den Sanddünen zwischen Kharga und Farafara, eine Gegend von unbeschhreiblicher natürlicher Schönheit. In der Haupstadt Mut, benannt nach der antiken Göttin der Triade von Theben, befindet sich das Heimatsmuseum, ein traditionelles Haus mit einem raffinierten hölzernen Kombinationsschloß. Tonfiguren zeigen verschiedene Aspekte lokaler Kultur und Familienlebens. Al-Kasr, etwa 35 km von Mut entfernt, war ursprünglich eine römische Siedlung, und wurde im Mittelalter Hauptstadt der Oase. Die Altstadt ist ein einziges Labyrinth aus engen Gassen, gesäumt von Lehmhäusern mit feingeschnitzten Holzverzierungen. Sehenswert ist auch die Moschee aus der Ayoubidenzeit. Vom Dach der Madrasa aus dem zehnten Jahrhundert haben Sie einen bezaubernden Blick auf die Umgebung. Auf dem Rückweg nach Mut bietet sich ein Picknick am Bir Al-Gabal, einem von Palmen umgebenen Salzsee an.
Weitere Tagesausflüge von Mut aus sind die AI-Muzawaka Gräber aus dem 1. Jahrhundert, und das Deir El-Hagar, ein Tempel, der ursprünglich der Triade von Theben geweiht war, und später von den Römern neu errichtet wurde. Nach der Tempelbesichtigung können Sie ein Bad in den in der Nähe gelegenen heißen Schwefelquellen nehmen. Besuchen Sie auch die römischen Gräber in Baschendi, und versäumen Sie nicht einen Besuch der Teppichweberei, wo Teppiche mit Alltagsszenen aus dem Oasenleben gewoben werden. In dem in der Nähe gelegenen Dorf Balaat, einem wichtigen Handelsposten mit dem antiken Nubien graben Archäologen derzeit dutzende Mastabas aus der sechsten Dynastie aus.

6.Tag: Oase Dakhla.
Nach dem Besuch der alten Karawanenstädte Balat und El Quasr erreichen wir die Oase Dakhla. Ein kurzer Kamelritt führt uns tiefer in die Libysche Wüste hinein. Jeder Gast reitet sein eigenes Kamel, Reitkenntnisse sind nicht erforderlich. Abendessen und Übernachtung im Hotel

 

Dakhla Oasis Population History Antiquities Location

The Dakhla Oasis lies to the northwest of Kharga and is also about 310 km to the southeast of Farafra. This oasis consists of 14 settlements and has a population of about 70,000 people. Dakhla is the farthest oasis out of Cairo and is considered one of Egypt's most beautiful oases.

Dakhla sits in a depression surrounded by pink cliffs. There are about 30,000 acres of cultivated land. Most of its 70,000 or so residents are farmers who constantly fight the battle of the dunes that threaten their fields and orchards. The fields and gardens are filled mostly with mulberry trees, date palms, figs and other citrus fruits. Dakhla has retained most of its culture and charm even though it has increased in size by about double and government funding and technical training has revitalized the economy. Dakhla is the only place in Egypt where new water wheels which are driven by buffaloes are constructed. They are made of palm timber and clay jars and are called saqiyas. The oasis is connected to Kharga by a 120 mile (200 km) road that has buses running daily.

Research has found that the Oasis has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and that there was once a huge lake here.  There are neolithic rock paintings that indicate that the lake was frequented by elephants, buffaloes and ostriches. As the lake dried up, the inhabitants migrated to the Nile valley and were probably some of its first settlers.

Dakhla Oasis is dominated on its northern horizon by a wall of rose-Colored rock. Fertile cultivated areas growing rice, peanuts and fruit are dotted between sand dunes along the roads from Farafra and Kharga in this area of outstanding natural beauty. The capital, Mut, named after the ancient goddess of the Theban Triad, houses the Museum of the Inheritance, a traditional house, with an intricate wooden combination lock. Rooms, with sculpted clay figures, are arranged to show different aspects of Dakhlan culture and family life. Al-Kasr, about 35 km. from Mut, was originally a Roman settlement which later became the medieval capital of Dakhla. The old town is a labyrinth of mud-walled alleys narrowly separating houses with elaborately- carved wooden lintels; there is also an Ayyubid mosque. Climb to the rooftop of the 10th century madrassa (school) for wonderful views of the surrounding area. Bir al-Gabel, a palm-fringed salt lake where you can camp and picnic, is on the road back to Mut.

Other day trips from Mut could include the 1st-century al-Muzawaka tombs and Deir al
Hagar, a temple which was originally dedicated to the Theban Triad and later rebuilt by the
Romans. After exploring the temple, bathe in the hot sulphur spring nearby. Visit Bashendi to
see Roman tombs and a factory where carpets are still woven with scenes of Dakhlan life. At
nearby Balaat village, a trading post with ancient Nubia, archeologàts are still uncovering
dozens of 6th dynasty mastabas.

Dakhla History
 

Dakhla Oasis would be its breadbasket. It is a very lush region brimming with orchards and produce, and this is nothing new, for 10,000 years ago, when the climate here was similar to that of the African Savanna, it was teaming with buffaloes, elephants, rhinos, zebras, ostriches and hartebeests. There was a vast lake here, and on its southern shores were also human communities. However, as with most of the rest of the Western Desert, this wet era passed, and with it many of the people mostly migrated south and to the east, where they helped populate the early Nile Valley, as the sands slowly covered their ancient way of life.

At various times known as al-Wah, the Inner Oasis, Oasis Magna and Zeszes, place of the two swords, today the Dakhla oasis is giving up some of its past secrets as the very sand that hid its ancient settlements is eroding to reveal them once more.

The Oasis apparently remained at least marginally populated throughout history, for there have been over one hundred ancient cemeteries unearthed by the Dakhla Oasis Project, which has been operating in the area since 1978. These cemeteries cover a span of time from prehistory through the Roman period, though the oasis was populated as early as the upper paleolithic period.